MSCEMLIB

Detailed Description

Memory System Controller API.

This module contain functions to control the MSC, primarily the Flash. The user can perform Flash memory write and erase operations as well as optimization of the CPU instruction fetch interface for the application. Available instruction fetch features depends on the MCU or SoC family, but features such as instruction pre-fetch, cache and configurable branch prediction are typically available.

Note
Flash wait-state configuration is handled by the CMU module. When the core clock configuration is changed by a calls to functions such as CMU_ClockSelectSet() or CMU_HFRCOBandSet() , then Flash wait-state configuration is also updated.

The MSC resets into a safe state. To initialize the instruction interface to recommended settings:

MSC_ExecConfig_TypeDef execConfig = MSC_EXECCONFIG_DEFAULT ;
MSC_ExecConfigSet (&execConfig);
Note
The optimal configuration is highly application dependent. Performance benchmarking is supported by most families. See MSC_StartCacheMeasurement() and MSC_GetCacheMeasurement() for more details.

Support for Flash write and erase runs from RAM by default. This code may be allocated to Flash by defining EM_MSC_RUN_FROM_FLASH .

Note
Flash erase may add ms of delay to interrupt latency if executing from Flash.

Flash write and erase operations are supported by MSC_WriteWord() , MSC_WriteWordFast(), MSC_ErasePage() and MSC_MassErase() . Fast write is not supported for EFM32G and mass erase is supported for MCU and SoC families with larger Flash sizes.

Note
MSC_Init() must be called prior to any Flash write or erase operation.

The following steps are necessary to perform a page erase and write:

uint32_t * userDataPage = (uint32_t *) USERDATA_BASE ;
uint32_t userData[] = {
0x01020304,
0x05060708
};
MSC_ErasePage (userDataPage);
MSC_WriteWord (userDataPage, userData, sizeof (userData));

Data Structures

struct MSC_EccConfig_TypeDef
struct MSC_ExecConfig_TypeDef

Macros

#define EM_MSC_RUN_FROM_FLASH
By compiling with the define EM_MSC_RUN_FROM_FLASH, the functions performing erase or write operations will remain in and execute from Flash. This is useful for targets that don't want to allocate RAM space to hold the flash functions. Without this define, code for Flash operations will be copied into RAM at startup.
#define MSC_ECC_BANKS (2)
#define MSC_ECCCONFIG_DEFAULT
#define MSC_EXECCONFIG_DEFAULT
#define MSC_PROGRAM_TIMEOUT 10000000ul
The timeout used while waiting for the flash to become ready after a write. This number indicates the number of iterations to perform before issuing a timeout.
#define MSC_RAMFUNC_DECLARATOR
Expands to SL_RAMFUNC_DECLARATOR if EM_MSC_RUN_FROM_FLASH is undefined and to nothing if EM_MSC_RUN_FROM_FLASH is defined.
#define MSC_RAMFUNC_DEFINITION_BEGIN
Expands to SL_RAMFUNC_DEFINITION_BEGIN if EM_MSC_RUN_FROM_FLASH is undefined and to nothing if EM_MSC_RUN_FROM_FLASH is defined.
#define MSC_RAMFUNC_DEFINITION_END
Expands to SL_RAMFUNC_DEFINITION_END if EM_MSC_RUN_FROM_FLASH is undefined and to nothing if EM_MSC_RUN_FROM_FLASH is defined.

Enumerations

enum MSC_Status_TypeDef {
mscReturnOk = 0,
mscReturnInvalidAddr = -1,
mscReturnLocked = -2,
mscReturnTimeOut = -3,
mscReturnUnaligned = -4
}

Functions

void MSC_Deinit (void)
Disables the flash controller for writing.
void MSC_EccConfigSet ( MSC_EccConfig_TypeDef *eccConfig)
Configure Error Correcting Code (ECC)
__STATIC_INLINE void MSC_EnableAutoCacheFlush (bool enable)
Enable or disable instruction cache flushing when writing to flash.
__STATIC_INLINE void MSC_EnableCache (bool enable)
Enable or disable instruction cache functionality.
__STATIC_INLINE void MSC_EnableCacheIRQs (bool enable)
Enable or disable instruction cache functionality in IRQs.
MSC_RAMFUNC_DECLARATOR MSC_Status_TypeDef MSC_ErasePage (uint32_t *startAddress)
Erases a page in flash memory.
void MSC_ExecConfigSet ( MSC_ExecConfig_TypeDef *execConfig)
Set MSC code execution configuration.
__STATIC_INLINE void MSC_FlushCache (void)
Flush the contents of the instruction cache.
__STATIC_INLINE int32_t MSC_GetCacheMeasurement (void)
Stops measuring the hit rate.
void MSC_Init (void)
Enables the flash controller for writing.
__STATIC_INLINE void MSC_IntClear (uint32_t flags)
Clear one or more pending MSC interrupts.
__STATIC_INLINE void MSC_IntDisable (uint32_t flags)
Disable one or more MSC interrupts.
__STATIC_INLINE void MSC_IntEnable (uint32_t flags)
Enable one or more MSC interrupts.
__STATIC_INLINE uint32_t MSC_IntGet (void)
Get pending MSC interrupt flags.
__STATIC_INLINE uint32_t MSC_IntGetEnabled (void)
Get enabled and pending MSC interrupt flags. Useful for handling more interrupt sources in the same interrupt handler.
__STATIC_INLINE void MSC_IntSet (uint32_t flags)
Set one or more pending MSC interrupts from SW.
MSC_RAMFUNC_DECLARATOR MSC_Status_TypeDef MSC_MassErase (void)
Writes data to flash memory. This function is faster than MSC_WriteWord() , but it disables interrupts. Write data must be aligned to words and contain a number of bytes that is divisable by four.
__STATIC_INLINE void MSC_StartCacheMeasurement (void)
Starts measuring cache hit ratio.
MSC_RAMFUNC_DECLARATOR MSC_Status_TypeDef MSC_WriteWord (uint32_t *address, void const *data, uint32_t numBytes)
Writes data to flash memory. This function is interrupt safe, but slower than MSC_WriteWordFast(), which writes to flash with interrupts disabled. Write data must be aligned to words and contain a number of bytes that is divisable by four.
static void mscEccBankDisable (const MSC_EccBank_Typedef *eccBank)
Disable ECC for a given memory bank.
static void mscEccBankInit (const MSC_EccBank_Typedef *eccBank, uint32_t dmaChannels[2])
Initialize ECC for a given memory bank.
static void mscEccReadWriteExistingDma (uint32_t start, uint32_t size, uint32_t channels[2])
DMA read and write existing values (for ECC initializaion).

Macro Definition Documentation

#define EM_MSC_RUN_FROM_FLASH

By compiling with the define EM_MSC_RUN_FROM_FLASH, the functions performing erase or write operations will remain in and execute from Flash. This is useful for targets that don't want to allocate RAM space to hold the flash functions. Without this define, code for Flash operations will be copied into RAM at startup.

Note
This define is not present by default. The MSC controller API will run from RAM by default.

Definition at line 125 of file em_msc.h .

#define MSC_ECC_BANKS   (2)

Number of memory banks including ECC support.

Definition at line 176 of file em_msc.h .

Referenced by MSC_EccConfigSet() .

#define MSC_ECCCONFIG_DEFAULT
Value:
{ \
{ false , false }, \
{ 0, 1 }, \
}

Default MSC EccConfig initialization

Definition at line 178 of file em_msc.h .

#define MSC_EXECCONFIG_DEFAULT
Value:
{ \
false, \
true, \
false, \
false, \
false, \
false, \
}

Default MSC ExecConfig initialization

Definition at line 162 of file em_msc.h .

#define MSC_PROGRAM_TIMEOUT   10000000ul

The timeout used while waiting for the flash to become ready after a write. This number indicates the number of iterations to perform before issuing a timeout.

Note
This timeout is set very large (in the order of 100x longer than necessary). This is to avoid any corner cases.

Definition at line 110 of file em_msc.h .

Referenced by MSC_ErasePage() .

Enumeration Type Documentation

enum MSC_Status_TypeDef

Return codes for writing/erasing the flash

Enumerator
mscReturnOk

Flash write/erase successful.

mscReturnInvalidAddr

Invalid address. Write to an address that is not flash.

mscReturnLocked

Flash address is locked.

mscReturnTimeOut

Timeout while writing to flash.

mscReturnUnaligned

Unaligned access to flash.

Definition at line 133 of file em_msc.h .

Function Documentation

void MSC_EccConfigSet ( MSC_EccConfig_TypeDef * eccConfig )

Configure Error Correcting Code (ECC)

This function configures ECC support according to the configuration input parameter. If the user requests enabling ECC for a given RAM bank this function will initialize ECC memory (syndromes) for the bank by reading and writing the existing values in memory. I.e. all data is preserved. The initialization process runs in a critical section disallowing interrupts and thread scheduling, and will consume a considerable amount of clock cycles. Therefore the user should carefully assess where to call this function. The user can consider to increase the clock frequency in order to reduce the execution time. This function makes use of 2 DMA channels to move data to/from RAM in an efficient way. The user can select which 2 DMA channels to use in order to avoid conflicts with the application. However the user must make sure that no other DMA operations takes place while this function is executing. If the application has been using the DMA controller prior to calling this function, the application will need to reinitialize DMA registers after this function has completed.

Note
This function protects the ECC initialization procedure from interrupts and other threads by using a critical section (defined by em_core.h ) When running on RTOS the user may need to override CORE_EnterCritical CORE_ExitCritical which are declared as 'SL_WEAK' in em_core.c .
Parameters
[in] eccConfig ECC configuration

Definition at line 554 of file em_msc.c .

References MSC_EccConfig_TypeDef::dmaChannels , MSC_EccConfig_TypeDef::enableEccBank , MSC , MSC_CTRL_RAMECCERRFAULTEN , MSC_ECC_BANKS , mscEccBankDisable() , and mscEccBankInit() .

__STATIC_INLINE void MSC_EnableAutoCacheFlush ( bool enable )

Enable or disable instruction cache flushing when writing to flash.

Parameters
[in] enable Enable automatic cache flushing. Default is on.

Definition at line 436 of file em_msc.h .

References _MSC_READCTRL_AIDIS_SHIFT , BUS_RegBitWrite() , and MSC .

__STATIC_INLINE void MSC_EnableCache ( bool enable )

Enable or disable instruction cache functionality.

Parameters
[in] enable Enable instruction cache. Default is on.

Definition at line 412 of file em_msc.h .

References _MSC_READCTRL_IFCDIS_SHIFT , BUS_RegBitWrite() , and MSC .

__STATIC_INLINE void MSC_EnableCacheIRQs ( bool enable )

Enable or disable instruction cache functionality in IRQs.

Parameters
[in] enable Enable instruction cache. Default is on.

Definition at line 424 of file em_msc.h .

References _MSC_READCTRL_ICCDIS_SHIFT , BUS_RegBitWrite() , and MSC .

MSC_RAMFUNC_DEFINITION_BEGIN MSC_Status_TypeDef MSC_ErasePage ( uint32_t * startAddress )

Erases a page in flash memory.

Note
It is recommended to run this code from RAM. On the Gecko family, it is required to run this function from RAM.

For IAR, Rowley, SimplicityStudio, Atollic and armgcc this will be achieved automatically by using attributes in the function proctype. For Keil uVision you must define a section called "ram_code" and place this manually in your project's scatter file.

Parameters
[in] startAddress Pointer to the flash page to erase. Must be aligned to beginning of page boundary.
Returns
Returns the status of erase operation, MSC_Status_TypeDef 
*   mscReturnOk - Operation completed successfully.
*   mscReturnInvalidAddr - Operation tried to erase a non-flash area.
*   mscReturnLocked - Operation tried to erase a locked area of the flash.
*   mscReturnTimeOut - Operation timed out waiting for flash operation
*       to complete.
*

Definition at line 975 of file em_msc.c .

References _EMU_STATUS_VSCALE_MASK , _EMU_STATUS_VSCALEBUSY_MASK , EMU , EMU_STATUS_VSCALE_VSCALE2 , FLASH_PAGE_SIZE , MSC , MSC_PROGRAM_TIMEOUT , MSC_STATUS_BUSY , MSC_STATUS_INVADDR , MSC_STATUS_LOCKED , MSC_WRITECMD_ERASEPAGE , MSC_WRITECMD_LADDRIM , MSC_WRITECTRL_WREN , mscReturnInvalidAddr , mscReturnLocked , mscReturnOk , and mscReturnTimeOut .

Referenced by nvm3_halPageErase() , and NVMHAL_PageErase() .

void MSC_ExecConfigSet ( MSC_ExecConfig_TypeDef * execConfig )

Set MSC code execution configuration.

Parameters
[in] execConfig Code execution configuration

Definition at line 291 of file em_msc.c .

References _MSC_READCTRL_MODE_MASK , MSC_ExecConfig_TypeDef::aiDis , MSC_ExecConfig_TypeDef::iccDis , MSC_ExecConfig_TypeDef::ifcDis , MSC , MSC_READCTRL_AIDIS , MSC_READCTRL_ICCDIS , MSC_READCTRL_IFCDIS , MSC_READCTRL_MODE_WS0 , MSC_READCTRL_MODE_WS1 , MSC_READCTRL_PREFETCH , MSC_READCTRL_SCBTP , MSC_READCTRL_USEHPROT , MSC_ExecConfig_TypeDef::prefetchEn , MSC_ExecConfig_TypeDef::scbtEn , and MSC_ExecConfig_TypeDef::useHprot .

__STATIC_INLINE int32_t MSC_GetCacheMeasurement ( void )

Stops measuring the hit rate.

Note
This function is defined inline to minimize the impact of this code on the measurement itself. This code only works for relatively short sections of code. If you wish to measure longer sections of code you need to implement a IRQ Handler for The CHOF and CMOF overflow interrupts. Theses overflows needs to be counted and included in the total. The functions can then be implemented as follows: 
* volatile uint32_t hitOverflows
* volatile uint32_t missOverflows
*
* void MSC_IRQHandler(void)
* {
*   uint32_t flags;
*   flags = MSC->IF;
*   if (flags & MSC_IF_CHOF) {
*      MSC->IFC = MSC_IF_CHOF;
*      hitOverflows++;
*   }
*   if (flags & MSC_IF_CMOF) {
*     MSC->IFC = MSC_IF_CMOF;
*     missOverflows++;
*   }
* }
*
* void startPerformanceCounters(void)
* {
*   hitOverflows = 0;
*   missOverflows = 0;
*
*   MSC_IntEnable(MSC_IF_CHOF | MSC_IF_CMOF);
*   NVIC_EnableIRQ(MSC_IRQn);
*
*   MSC_StartCacheMeasurement();
* }
*
Returns
Returns -1 if there has been no cache accesses. Returns -2 if there has been an overflow in the performance counters. If not, it will return the percentage of hits versus misses.

Definition at line 366 of file em_msc.h .

References MSC , MSC_CACHECMD_STOPPC , MSC_IF_CHOF , and MSC_IF_CMOF .

void MSC_Init ( void )

Enables the flash controller for writing.

Note
This function must be called before flash operations when AUXHFRCO clock has been changed from default band.

Definition at line 225 of file em_msc.c .

References _EMU_STATUS_VSCALE_MASK , _EMU_STATUS_VSCALEBUSY_MASK , CMU_ClockFreqGet() , cmuClock_AUX , EMU , EMU_STATUS_VSCALE_VSCALE2 , MSC , MSC_UNLOCK_CODE , and MSC_WRITECTRL_WREN .

Referenced by nvm3_halOpen() , and NVMHAL_Init() .

__STATIC_INLINE void MSC_IntClear ( uint32_t flags )

Clear one or more pending MSC interrupts.

Parameters
[in] flags Pending MSC intterupt source to clear. Use a bitwise logic OR combination of valid interrupt flags for the MSC module (MSC_IF_nnn).

Definition at line 213 of file em_msc.h .

References MSC .

__STATIC_INLINE void MSC_IntDisable ( uint32_t flags )

Disable one or more MSC interrupts.

Parameters
[in] flags MSC interrupt sources to disable. Use a bitwise logic OR combination of valid interrupt flags for the MSC module (MSC_IF_nnn).

Definition at line 226 of file em_msc.h .

References MSC .

__STATIC_INLINE void MSC_IntEnable ( uint32_t flags )

Enable one or more MSC interrupts.

Note
Depending on the use, a pending interrupt may already be set prior to enabling the interrupt. Consider using MSC_IntClear() prior to enabling if such a pending interrupt should be ignored.
Parameters
[in] flags MSC interrupt sources to enable. Use a bitwise logic OR combination of valid interrupt flags for the MSC module (MSC_IF_nnn).

Definition at line 244 of file em_msc.h .

References MSC .

__STATIC_INLINE uint32_t MSC_IntGet ( void )

Get pending MSC interrupt flags.

Note
The event bits are not cleared by the use of this function.
Returns
MSC interrupt sources pending. A bitwise logic OR combination of valid interrupt flags for the MSC module (MSC_IF_nnn).

Definition at line 260 of file em_msc.h .

References MSC .

__STATIC_INLINE uint32_t MSC_IntGetEnabled ( void )

Get enabled and pending MSC interrupt flags. Useful for handling more interrupt sources in the same interrupt handler.

Note
Interrupt flags are not cleared by the use of this function.
Returns
Pending and enabled MSC interrupt sources The return value is the bitwise AND of
  • the enabled interrupt sources in MSC_IEN and
  • the pending interrupt flags MSC_IF

Definition at line 279 of file em_msc.h .

References MSC .

__STATIC_INLINE void MSC_IntSet ( uint32_t flags )

Set one or more pending MSC interrupts from SW.

Parameters
[in] flags MSC interrupt sources to set to pending. Use a bitwise logic OR combination of valid interrupt flags for the MSC module (MSC_IF_nnn).

Definition at line 295 of file em_msc.h .

References MSC .

MSC_RAMFUNC_DEFINITION_END MSC_RAMFUNC_DEFINITION_BEGIN MSC_Status_TypeDef MSC_MassErase ( void )

Writes data to flash memory. This function is faster than MSC_WriteWord() , but it disables interrupts. Write data must be aligned to words and contain a number of bytes that is divisable by four.

Note
It is recommended to erase the flash page before performing a write. It is required to run this function from RAM on parts that include a flash write buffer.

For IAR, Rowley, SimplicityStudio, Atollic and armgcc this will be achieved automatically by using attributes in the function proctype. For Keil uVision you must define a section called "ram_code" and place this manually in your project's scatter file.

Parameters
[in] address Pointer to the flash word to write to. Must be aligned to words.
[in] data Data to write to flash.
[in] numBytes Number of bytes to write from flash. NB: Must be divisable by four.
Returns
Returns the status of the write operation 
*   flashReturnOk - Operation completed successfully.
*   flashReturnInvalidAddr - Operation tried to erase a non-flash area.
*   flashReturnLocked - Operation tried to erase a locked area of the flash.
*   flashReturnTimeOut - Operation timed out waiting for flash operation
*       to complete. Or the MSC timed out waiting for the software to write
*       the next word into the DWORD register.
*

Erase entire flash in one operation

Note
This command will erase the entire contents of the device. Use with care, both a debug session and all contents of the flash will be lost. The lock bit, MLW will prevent this operation from executing and might prevent successful mass erase.

Definition at line 1127 of file em_msc.c .

References MSC , MSC_MASSLOCK_LOCKKEY_LOCK , MSC_MASSLOCK_LOCKKEY_UNLOCK , MSC_STATUS_BUSY , MSC_WRITECMD_ERASEMAIN0 , MSC_WRITECMD_ERASEMAIN1 , MSC_WRITECTRL_WREN , and mscReturnOk .

__STATIC_INLINE void MSC_StartCacheMeasurement ( void )

Starts measuring cache hit ratio.

This function starts the performance counters. It is defined inline to minimize the impact of this code on the measurement itself.

Definition at line 308 of file em_msc.h .

References MSC , MSC_CACHECMD_STARTPC , MSC_IF_CHOF , and MSC_IF_CMOF .

MSC_RAMFUNC_DEFINITION_END MSC_RAMFUNC_DEFINITION_BEGIN MSC_Status_TypeDef MSC_WriteWord ( uint32_t * address,
void const * data,
uint32_t numBytes
)

Writes data to flash memory. This function is interrupt safe, but slower than MSC_WriteWordFast(), which writes to flash with interrupts disabled. Write data must be aligned to words and contain a number of bytes that is divisable by four.

Note
It is recommended to erase the flash page before performing a write.

It is recommended to run this code from RAM. On the Gecko family, it is required to run this function from RAM.

For IAR, Rowley, SimplicityStudio, Atollic and armgcc this will be achieved automatically by using attributes in the function proctype. For Keil uVision you must define a section called "ram_code" and place this manually in your project's scatter file.

This function requires a system core clock at 1MHz or higher.

Parameters
[in] address Pointer to the flash word to write to. Must be aligned to words.
[in] data Data to write to flash.
[in] numBytes Number of bytes to write from flash. NB: Must be divisable by four.
Returns
Returns the status of the write operation 
*   flashReturnOk - Operation completed successfully.
*   flashReturnInvalidAddr - Operation tried to erase a non-flash area.
*   flashReturnLocked - Operation tried to erase a locked area of the flash.
*   flashReturnTimeOut - Operation timed out waiting for flash operation
*       to complete. Or the MSC timed out waiting for the software to write
*       the next word into the DWORD register.
*

Definition at line 1061 of file em_msc.c .

Referenced by nvm3_halWriteWords() , and NVMHAL_Write() .

static void mscEccBankDisable ( const MSC_EccBank_Typedef * eccBank )
static

Disable ECC for a given memory bank.

This function disables ECC for a given memory bank which is specified with the MSC_EccBank_Typedef structure input parameter.

Parameters
[in] eccBank ECC memory bank device structure.

Definition at line 517 of file em_msc.c .

Referenced by MSC_EccConfigSet() .

static void mscEccBankInit ( const MSC_EccBank_Typedef * eccBank,
uint32_t dmaChannels[2]
)
static

Initialize ECC for a given memory bank.

This function initializes ECC for a given memory bank which is specified with the MSC_EccBank_Typedef structure input parameter.

Parameters
[in] eccBank ECC memory bank device structure.
[in] dmaChannels Array of 2 DMA channels that may be used during ECC initialization.

Definition at line 476 of file em_msc.c .

References CORE_DECLARE_IRQ_STATE , CORE_ENTER_CRITICAL , CORE_EXIT_CRITICAL , and mscEccReadWriteExistingDma() .

Referenced by MSC_EccConfigSet() .

static void mscEccReadWriteExistingDma ( uint32_t start,
uint32_t size,
uint32_t channels[2]
)
static

DMA read and write existing values (for ECC initializaion).

This function uses DMA to read and write the existing data values in the RAM region specified by start and size. The function will use the 2 DMA channels specified by the channels[2] array.

Parameters
[in] start Start address of address range in RAM to read/write.
[in] size Size of address range in RAM to read/write.
[in] channels[2] Array of 2 DMA channels to use.

Definition at line 374 of file em_msc.c .

References _LDMA_CH_CTRL_XFERCNT_MASK , _LDMA_CH_LINK_LINKADDR_MASK , _LDMA_CTRL_NUMFIXED_SHIFT , BUS_RegMaskedClear() , CMU_ClockEnable() , cmuClock_LDMA , LDMA , LDMA_CH_CTRL_BLOCKSIZE_ALL , LDMA_CH_CTRL_DSTINC_ONE , LDMA_CH_CTRL_REQMODE_ALL , LDMA_CH_CTRL_SIZE_WORD , LDMA_CH_CTRL_SRCINC_ONE , LDMA_CH_CTRL_STRUCTREQ , LDMA_CH_CTRL_STRUCTTYPE_TRANSFER , and LDMA_CH_LINK_LINK .

Referenced by mscEccBankInit() .